1
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Garry Kasparov,
superstar, the Napoleon of chess.

2
00:00:16,230 --> 00:00:18,438
Anything but the bookish type.

3
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-Charismatic.
-Flamboyant, outspoken.

4
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He's caused more controversy

5
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and more upset
than any other champion in history.

6
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No man or machine can beat him.

7
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-You're so confident, aren't you?
-I must be confident.

8
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And I'm world champion.

9
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Chess is psychological warfare.
It's my will against your will.

10
00:00:41,021 --> 00:00:45,896
It's the toughest kind of competition
in its purest form.

11
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If you win a chess game, you're better.

12
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-Better person?
-Yep, person and everything.

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You're better. I need new challenges.
That's why I played against computer.

14
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I'm taking any new challenge in the world.

15
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12-year-old
Hungarian schoolgirl, Judit Polgár,

16
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has won
a major international chess tournament

17
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and just made history.

18
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In the beginning,
everybody underestimated me.

19
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I heard, "You're a girl.
You're little. What do you want here?"

20
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But chess, it's a mental sport.

21
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And you have to believe in yourself.

22
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Judit is the best player
of her age, regardless of gender,

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in the whole of chess history.

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Judit is the youngest
international chess master ever.

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She achieved the rank
three years earlier than world champions

26
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like Bobby Fischer and Garry Kasparov.

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In 1994, Judit Polgár
was going to play Garry Kasparov

28
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for the first time in her life.

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It was the first time in chess history

30
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that the number one
female chess player in the world

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was going to play against
the very top male player in the world.

32
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It's something
that people are excited about,

33
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but people are also worried.

34
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Is she going to be killed?

35
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I bet you think we didn't know

36
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Didn't even see the tides change

37
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The shit gets thicker
It's toxic, get it out of my face

38
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And don't be surprised
If they don't buy your lies

39
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Some of us can see through
Your stained-glass eyes

40
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Pot kettle, pot kettle black

41
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Watch, watch, watch your back

42
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Chess is infinite possibility.

43
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You have to be very prepared
to make a bad move,

44
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but then calm down and come back.

45
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You always have new chances,
new opportunities.

46
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As in life,
you just have to be extremely resilient.

47
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The game is never finished
until it's really finished.

48
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When I was a kid, my dream was to play
with the best players in the world

49
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in the best tournaments in the world.

50
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But those dreams seemed impossible.

51
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Because of who I was…
and where I came from.

52
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Today, Hungary has a communist government.

53
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A modern totalitarian state.

54
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Freedom of speech was abolished.

55
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Crippled economy,
rampant inflation, unemployment.

56
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Millions of Hungarians
do several jobs to make ends meet.

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The highest suicide rate in Europe.

58
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When my three daughters were born,

59
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we were very poor.

60
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We lived in a run-down house
in a workers' district.

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The walls were wet from ceiling to floor.

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I wanted a better life for my daughters.

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I started to study
the biographies of geniuses.

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I think he read over 400 books

65
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of the world's most influential figures
to study patterns.

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He realized that geniuses
are made, not born,

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if they are educated in the right way.

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All of them started
at the age of 5 and studied one field

69
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for eight to nine hours every day.

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And László Polgár
together with his wife, Klára,

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decided that they were
going to be raising geniuses

72
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with this experiment.

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A lot of people felt like
this was almost child abuse,

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that he was doing something that would
affect them negatively later in life.

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I never doubted that
this experiment would lead to success.

76
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In the beginning,
I didn't know if he's right.

77
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I'm telling you the truth.

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But I liked my husband, his idea.

79
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So why not?

80
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Why chess?

81
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Very simple.
The chessboard, it's easy to have it.

82
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And very cheap.

83
00:06:09,271 --> 00:06:13,230
My sister Susan,
she's seven years older than I am.

84
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And Sofia is a year and a half older.

85
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So they were playing chess
already quite a bit.

86
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And when I was 5 years old,
I started my chess training.

87
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The foundations of chess,
it's very important.

88
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First of all, you have to learn
how the pieces are moving.

89
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You have six characters.

90
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The knight, the bishop,
the rook, the pawn…

91
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New opening strategies.

92
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Sicilian Defense, Berlin Defense.

93
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When you lose touch with the piece,
it cannot be moved anywhere else.

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My parents felt
it would be a waste of time,

95
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at least from the academic perspective,
to go to school.

96
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So we were homeschooled.

97
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My dad made a card system,
like in libraries.

98
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On each card,
there was strategies and tactics.

99
00:07:07,980 --> 00:07:11,480
And we had to remember
hundreds of thousands of cards.

100
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And my father created
this very special wall

101
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where we had 30 chessboards.

102
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Chess puzzles.

103
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And we had to write down
what is the solution.

104
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We were quite poor.

105
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Whatever money we had, we invested
in our chess coaching, training.

106
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One trainer came from 10:00 to 1:00.

107
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Another trainer came from 2:00 to 5:00.

108
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Even another one from 5:00 to 9:00.

109
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Basically, all day was around chess.

110
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And you don't have Saturdays,
Sundays, birthdays, celebrations.

111
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Every day was a working day.

112
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Still, the girls had a great time.

113
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When I was 6, I played my first tournament

114
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with the block where we lived.

115
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And I remember very vividly,
there was a little magnetic chess set,

116
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as a first prize,

117
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that I wanted to win very much.

118
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Normally, I was a very shy kid.

119
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But when playing chess, that was my world.

120
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I was a killer, attacker, aggressive.

121
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Everything was black or white.

122
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I wanted to kill my opponent.
I wanted to attack.

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I wanted to sacrifice everything
in order to get checkmate.

124
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I won my first tournament.

125
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And the little magnetic chess set.

126
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The feelings I gained from winning games,

127
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it was exceptionally powerful.

128
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After this, it was so obvious for me
that I'm going to be a chess player.

129
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Nothing else I could be.

130
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And if you want to become the best,
it's very important to have challenges.

131
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In order to prove his experiment,

132
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my father wanted us to play

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as strong of a competition
as we could, which meant men.

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But when we went to play against men,

135
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they looked at us like we were
planning to go to the moon.

136
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Chess was a male-dominated sport.

137
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It really was a men's club.

138
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They had strict segregation.

139
00:10:04,938 --> 00:10:09,146
Women were not allowed
to play in male tournaments.

140
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Women chess players
were not respected, to say the least.

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-Do women make bad chess players?
-Oh, they're terrible chess players.

142
00:10:19,271 --> 00:10:22,188
I guess they're just not so smart.

143
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Does this apply to all women,
do you think?

144
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I guess so.

145
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They have never turned out
a good woman chess player.

146
00:10:32,646 --> 00:10:36,938
There is the pure mental ability
needed to understand chess

147
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and to have deep,
meaningful thoughts about the game.

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On the other hand, there's the personality
required to become good at the game.

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The evidence is that women
don't have either of these sides.

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This crazy idea,

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me and my sisters wanted to change it
in some way or another.

152
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If we could travel to tournaments,

153
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it would show to the world
that we can do it.

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00:11:05,063 --> 00:11:07,188
In Hungary, as a communist country,

155
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you had to get permission
to travel to another country

156
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just to play in tournaments.

157
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You had to be in their good books.

158
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If you had creative ideas
and you wanted to be different,

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choosing for your kid to be homeschooled,
being a girl playing with men,

160
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this was not supported at all
by the communist government.

161
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Unlike other girl players,

162
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we were often restricted
to leave the Eastern Bloc.

163
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In the communist regime,
when you don't do what you're being told,

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you'll pay, and potentially
your whole family pays for it.

165
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Sometimes the police came out

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with machine guns
and got us out of bed in the morning.

167
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It happened that they were coming

168
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to put us to mental house

169
00:12:02,605 --> 00:12:04,688
or to the jail.

170
00:12:06,063 --> 00:12:11,605
And even, they said, that they could
take away the children from us.

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They take away the children from us.
You can imagine.

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My father was always trying
to prove his experiment.

173
00:12:22,480 --> 00:12:25,938
And he was ready to fight
for living the way he dreamt of.

174
00:12:26,896 --> 00:12:30,480
He was saying,
"Go back to the chessboard."

175
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The only response can be that
you work harder and you show results.

176
00:12:39,271 --> 00:12:44,230
Generally, we were only allowed to play
in Hungary and in Eastern Europe.

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00:12:46,438 --> 00:12:50,855
I was playing with adults
and winning one game after another.

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I needed a new challenge.

179
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Pleasure City Avenue…

180
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I played a lot of blind chess.

181
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Pawn to E4.

182
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Knight to C3.

183
00:13:07,355 --> 00:13:08,563
Knight to F7.

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Checkmate.

185
00:13:12,980 --> 00:13:15,313
My goal was to win every game.

186
00:13:15,396 --> 00:13:19,396
And of course, my real dream
was to enter into the top ten of the world

187
00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:21,521
and then be one of the best.

188
00:13:23,438 --> 00:13:28,230
At the time, the best player in the world
was Garry Kasparov from the Soviet Union.

189
00:13:28,313 --> 00:13:31,813
He was someone I was following
from a very young age.

190
00:13:34,605 --> 00:13:38,146
And now a new chess champion
has been crowned. He's Garry Kasparov,

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the youngest chess champion
in the world, ever.

192
00:13:41,355 --> 00:13:43,230
We would gather on the carpet,

193
00:13:44,521 --> 00:13:47,771
watch his games,
and we would learn so much.

194
00:13:47,855 --> 00:13:51,021
Playing Kasparov is
like playing Larry Bird or Michael Jordan.

195
00:13:51,105 --> 00:13:54,688
Unrelenting ambition,
unrelenting effort and strain on himself.

196
00:13:54,771 --> 00:13:56,646
Clearly the best at any speed.

197
00:13:56,730 --> 00:13:59,605
I don't see anyone
who could take the title from me

198
00:13:59,688 --> 00:14:02,438
unless, you know, I'm destroying myself.

199
00:14:03,646 --> 00:14:06,188
I was following very closely the ideas,

200
00:14:06,271 --> 00:14:08,146
the openings, what he was playing.

201
00:14:08,230 --> 00:14:09,605
I was also copying that.

202
00:14:11,896 --> 00:14:13,730
He was aggressive.

203
00:14:14,355 --> 00:14:16,563
I was also aggressive.

204
00:14:17,688 --> 00:14:19,855
I was a big fan of him.

205
00:14:22,521 --> 00:14:25,355
I was already dreaming
to play against him.

206
00:14:32,105 --> 00:14:33,855
According to the family legend,

207
00:14:33,938 --> 00:14:37,105
I discovered chess
when I was probably 5 and a half.

208
00:14:39,396 --> 00:14:42,771
It was one of the winter evenings
in the city of Baku, Azerbaijan,

209
00:14:43,605 --> 00:14:47,396
in the deep south of the USSR,
the city where I was born and raised.

210
00:14:47,480 --> 00:14:52,396
I watched my parents trying to solve
a chess puzzle from the local newspaper.

211
00:14:57,355 --> 00:15:00,980
And I was mesmerized
by the secrets of the game.

212
00:15:01,063 --> 00:15:03,521
Just 64 squares, 32 pieces.

213
00:15:05,355 --> 00:15:08,688
I got immediately swallowed by the game.

214
00:15:08,771 --> 00:15:10,855
So I… It was a passion.

215
00:15:11,646 --> 00:15:13,188
Match made in heaven.

216
00:15:16,771 --> 00:15:20,855
In the Soviet Union,
chess was viewed as a political weapon.

217
00:15:21,438 --> 00:15:24,521
In order to demonstrate
the intellectual superiority

218
00:15:24,605 --> 00:15:26,730
of the communist regime
over the decadent West.

219
00:15:28,313 --> 00:15:30,605
There was a very broad network

220
00:15:30,688 --> 00:15:33,105
that could identify talented players

221
00:15:33,188 --> 00:15:35,480
and help develop these talents.

222
00:15:38,313 --> 00:15:40,021
It helped me to rise very quickly,

223
00:15:40,105 --> 00:15:42,271
because my talent
was discovered instantly.

224
00:15:47,730 --> 00:15:50,313
Soviet chess was chess, period.

225
00:15:50,396 --> 00:15:53,188
They dominated chess up and down.

226
00:15:53,980 --> 00:15:58,980
And they were producing men and women
champions year after year after year.

227
00:15:59,855 --> 00:16:02,438
If you wanted to learn chess
from the big ones,

228
00:16:02,521 --> 00:16:04,521
it was really the Soviet chess school.

229
00:16:07,105 --> 00:16:11,813
They were controlling
the top of the world in chess.

230
00:16:16,813 --> 00:16:21,605
At the time, Susan was already
playing well in very serious competitions.

231
00:16:21,688 --> 00:16:27,230
And then in 1984, in the women's ranking,
Susan was number one in the world.

232
00:16:27,771 --> 00:16:31,313
So she started to have
internationally recognized results.

233
00:16:31,396 --> 00:16:32,646
In news of the world tonight…

234
00:16:32,730 --> 00:16:34,146
Susan Polgár from Hungary…

235
00:16:34,230 --> 00:16:35,730
Susan Polgár is the best female…

236
00:16:35,813 --> 00:16:39,063
-The best female…
-Highest-rated in the world.

237
00:16:39,813 --> 00:16:44,730
That was very satisfying that even though
they tried to push me down,

238
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they didn't succeed.

239
00:16:46,063 --> 00:16:49,271
One expert called her
chess's version of Mozart.

240
00:16:49,355 --> 00:16:51,605
Her two prodigy sisters also had success.

241
00:16:52,646 --> 00:16:56,355
Journalists came to Hungary
and asked for interviews.

242
00:16:57,480 --> 00:16:59,938
They couldn't understand
how is it possible

243
00:17:00,021 --> 00:17:06,313
that the world number one female player
was not allowed to leave the Eastern Bloc.

244
00:17:08,438 --> 00:17:12,771
The journalists said if the authorities

245
00:17:12,855 --> 00:17:18,730
didn't stop discrimination
against the Polgár family,

246
00:17:18,813 --> 00:17:23,438
they would start
a worldwide fight against Hungary

247
00:17:23,521 --> 00:17:26,521
for human rights violations.

248
00:17:29,855 --> 00:17:33,063
At some point, the Hungarian government

249
00:17:33,146 --> 00:17:36,438
felt the pressure was getting too much,
too much bad press.

250
00:17:37,438 --> 00:17:41,146
Eventually, they had
to release our passports

251
00:17:41,230 --> 00:17:43,646
and we could travel to the West.

252
00:17:43,730 --> 00:17:44,855
We were so excited.

253
00:17:46,521 --> 00:17:50,771
I was dreaming to be able
to show our strength to the world.

254
00:17:52,313 --> 00:17:53,521
Now we can do it.

255
00:17:58,313 --> 00:18:03,688
The Chess Olympiad in 1988
had over 100 countries participating.

256
00:18:04,271 --> 00:18:07,855
Each country sends
their best representatives.

257
00:18:08,730 --> 00:18:13,313
The Hungarian captain decided that
it's going to be the three of us, sisters,

258
00:18:13,396 --> 00:18:17,355
and the fourth player,
Ildikó Mádl, who goes to the Olympiad.

259
00:18:19,396 --> 00:18:23,105
It was strange to play
in the Women's Olympiad

260
00:18:23,188 --> 00:18:25,480
and play only against women.

261
00:18:26,021 --> 00:18:27,855
But we made an exception.

262
00:18:28,730 --> 00:18:32,146
Finally, we can showcase our skills.

263
00:18:32,230 --> 00:18:35,230
It really was us against the world.

264
00:18:36,271 --> 00:18:42,063
Tonight, on behalf of FIDE,
I welcome you to the 28th Chess Olympiad.

265
00:18:44,938 --> 00:18:47,146
The Chess Olympiad
is the Olympics of chess,

266
00:18:47,230 --> 00:18:50,688
and it's the biggest team competition,
the most prestigious event.

267
00:18:50,771 --> 00:18:52,980
Literally everyone comes there.

268
00:18:53,063 --> 00:18:59,313
To play a team event, to establish
the greatest chess country on Earth.

269
00:19:00,063 --> 00:19:03,355
There's two sections.
The men's competition,

270
00:19:03,438 --> 00:19:05,063
and there's the Women's Olympiad.

271
00:19:06,688 --> 00:19:10,563
Every day for two weeks,
a country is facing another country.

272
00:19:10,646 --> 00:19:13,188
Then the next day, another country.

273
00:19:13,271 --> 00:19:16,855
And the most you can win
each match is three points.

274
00:19:16,938 --> 00:19:19,188
The highest points wins an Olympic gold.

275
00:19:20,438 --> 00:19:22,605
Just getting into the tournament hall

276
00:19:22,688 --> 00:19:24,063
was, like, quite something.

277
00:19:24,146 --> 00:19:25,688
We were little girls.

278
00:19:27,480 --> 00:19:32,813
It was the first time that we saw the top
of the top, the cream of the chess world.

279
00:19:34,230 --> 00:19:36,188
Kasparov is there.

280
00:19:40,105 --> 00:19:43,688
I saw that Susan
was chatting with Garry Kasparov.

281
00:19:43,771 --> 00:19:48,646
And Sofia and myself,
we were like, giggling and smiling.

282
00:19:48,730 --> 00:19:52,438
That, "Wow, wow.
Kasparov is talking with us."

283
00:19:53,605 --> 00:19:56,563
There was so much controversy
about choosing the Polgárs.

284
00:19:56,646 --> 00:19:57,855
They're such a young team.

285
00:19:57,938 --> 00:20:03,396
A team of teenage girls competing against
the very best players in the world.

286
00:20:03,938 --> 00:20:07,230
They were great novelties,
but most people laughed at them and said,

287
00:20:07,313 --> 00:20:09,771
"Okay, there's the Soviet team."

288
00:20:12,646 --> 00:20:14,646
They dominated the chess world.

289
00:20:16,730 --> 00:20:20,313
They hadn't lost
an Olympiad for over 30 years.

290
00:20:20,396 --> 00:20:22,396
Nobody's gonna touch them.

291
00:20:23,105 --> 00:20:28,063
Please, all the players, take your seats.

292
00:20:31,188 --> 00:20:32,980
I get into the playing hall.

293
00:20:33,646 --> 00:20:35,188
I sit down.

294
00:20:36,271 --> 00:20:38,146
I played on board one.

295
00:20:38,230 --> 00:20:41,813
Judit played board two, right next to me.

296
00:20:41,896 --> 00:20:45,938
And on the third board,
Ildikó Mádl and I would alternate.

297
00:20:48,188 --> 00:20:50,105
I adjust the pieces.

298
00:20:50,188 --> 00:20:54,605
I'm shaking my leg
because of my nervousness,

299
00:20:54,688 --> 00:20:57,938
and wondering if I'm mentally prepared

300
00:20:58,021 --> 00:21:00,980
to play with
some of the best players in the world.

301
00:21:02,980 --> 00:21:04,896
Tension is increasing.

302
00:21:13,980 --> 00:21:17,855
But when the game starts,
it's a completely different mindset.

303
00:21:20,105 --> 00:21:24,438
I'm excluding everything that's going on
outside of the chessboard

304
00:21:24,521 --> 00:21:26,438
and focusing on the game.

305
00:21:30,980 --> 00:21:35,355
Fire, I'll take you to burn

306
00:21:38,271 --> 00:21:42,396
Fire, I'll take you to learn

307
00:21:45,021 --> 00:21:47,313
You're gonna burn

308
00:21:48,563 --> 00:21:51,730
You've been living like a little girl…

309
00:21:51,813 --> 00:21:54,813
I got into the flow during the match.

310
00:21:54,896 --> 00:21:57,480
And I won my game, one after another.

311
00:21:58,313 --> 00:22:00,188
You've been so blind…

312
00:22:00,271 --> 00:22:04,063
Oh yeah, she was an absolute sensation.

313
00:22:05,355 --> 00:22:08,480
After Judit won the first several games,

314
00:22:08,563 --> 00:22:11,063
people started fearing her.

315
00:22:13,896 --> 00:22:15,521
We knew that when she sat down,

316
00:22:15,605 --> 00:22:18,063
we have a very good chance
that we will win.

317
00:22:20,771 --> 00:22:25,480
We were definitely not used to
very young girls playing chess so well.

318
00:22:26,605 --> 00:22:28,313
It was so unusual.

319
00:22:28,396 --> 00:22:33,563
There she's sitting, this 12-year-old girl
with the open ponytail,

320
00:22:33,646 --> 00:22:35,230
and she is just dominating.

321
00:22:37,438 --> 00:22:41,271
She turned opponents into pitiful victims.

322
00:22:41,355 --> 00:22:42,646
Fire…

323
00:22:44,021 --> 00:22:46,480
The effect was such that suddenly,

324
00:22:46,563 --> 00:22:49,021
hundreds of people
came to visit that tournament.

325
00:22:50,188 --> 00:22:52,313
There was some sort of a Polgár mania.

326
00:22:52,396 --> 00:22:54,855
The Polgárs are
an authentic chess phenomenon.

327
00:22:54,938 --> 00:22:56,771
They have a tremendous amount of talent.

328
00:22:56,855 --> 00:23:00,313
Judit, only 12,
is the best player of her age.

329
00:23:00,396 --> 00:23:02,230
Judit is the most talented.

330
00:23:02,313 --> 00:23:05,396
I wish I was so strong
when I was the same age.

331
00:23:05,480 --> 00:23:09,896
She has many chances to become…
First, to become a women's world champion.

332
00:23:09,980 --> 00:23:11,396
I have no doubt about it.

333
00:23:12,355 --> 00:23:16,563
The chess she played,
the energy behind every move was

334
00:23:16,646 --> 00:23:19,396
unseen in female chess.

335
00:23:20,521 --> 00:23:22,105
I played very well.

336
00:23:22,605 --> 00:23:25,938
But, of course, the Soviets
were playing extremely well also.

337
00:23:29,521 --> 00:23:32,730
The Polgár sisters need
a miracle to deprive the Russian women

338
00:23:32,813 --> 00:23:36,438
of the medal which they regard
as their own private property.

339
00:23:36,521 --> 00:23:40,271
I remember our teammate,
Ildikó Mádl, said,

340
00:23:40,355 --> 00:23:43,646
"If they give us the silver right now,
I'm ready to sign."

341
00:23:44,313 --> 00:23:49,938
Judit all along believed that the purpose
we're going there is to go for the gold.

342
00:23:50,021 --> 00:23:52,396
It rubbed off on everybody.

343
00:24:06,271 --> 00:24:09,563
Judit just kept winning her games.

344
00:24:10,646 --> 00:24:15,021
And Susan, Ildikó,
and myself were holding our own.

345
00:24:24,271 --> 00:24:26,021
It was the last round,

346
00:24:26,105 --> 00:24:31,188
and it was a huge tension
because everything was dependent on this

347
00:24:31,271 --> 00:24:33,480
if we are winning the gold medal or not.

348
00:24:34,646 --> 00:24:38,688
Most people did not believe
that the Soviets can be dethroned.

349
00:24:42,271 --> 00:24:44,271
I won very fast.

350
00:24:44,855 --> 00:24:47,105
Ildikó Mádl made a draw.

351
00:24:49,313 --> 00:24:51,146
It all came down to this game

352
00:24:51,230 --> 00:24:55,230
where Susan had
to fight against Pia Cramling,

353
00:24:55,313 --> 00:24:57,688
one of the greatest female players ever.

354
00:25:02,021 --> 00:25:06,855
It was intimidating, but I just tried
to make the best moves I can.

355
00:25:14,146 --> 00:25:15,771
Until the very last moment,

356
00:25:15,855 --> 00:25:19,563
it was not clear
whether we can get the gold medal.

357
00:25:24,730 --> 00:25:28,646
The last round finished,
and then we knew that it's gold.

358
00:25:38,313 --> 00:25:41,646
We were extremely happy.

359
00:25:42,480 --> 00:25:44,688
With a winning total of 33 points,

360
00:25:44,771 --> 00:25:48,188
the Hungarian team
has set a new all-time record.

361
00:25:48,271 --> 00:25:53,021
Judit came in and just wiped the floor
with everybody.

362
00:25:53,105 --> 00:25:54,396
She didn't lose a game.

363
00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:56,771
It was absolutely remarkable.

364
00:25:56,855 --> 00:26:00,271
Well, it proved to the world
who the Polgárs were.

365
00:26:00,355 --> 00:26:03,938
Gold medal goes to the team of Hungary.

366
00:26:04,021 --> 00:26:09,063
We felt that the whole world
is supporting us.

367
00:26:16,313 --> 00:26:21,938
It was a very uplifting feeling that we
experienced very little of back home.

368
00:26:33,396 --> 00:26:38,438
When we arrived back from
Thessaloniki to the Budapest airport,

369
00:26:39,563 --> 00:26:43,271
it was kind of
an unexpected situation suddenly.

370
00:26:43,938 --> 00:26:45,396
People were waiting for us.

371
00:26:52,355 --> 00:26:54,688
The Chess Olympiad was life changing.

372
00:26:55,188 --> 00:26:59,271
We left as black sheep
and arrived home as the golden girls.

373
00:27:03,980 --> 00:27:08,396
Hungarian nation
acknowledged Polgár family

374
00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:10,605
for the first time, really.

375
00:27:10,688 --> 00:27:14,980
When I met you in the restaurant…

376
00:27:15,063 --> 00:27:17,688
We were invited to Parliament.

377
00:27:18,188 --> 00:27:22,063
The president was celebrating with us.

378
00:27:23,313 --> 00:27:26,480
Does László Polgár
feel any satisfaction now?

379
00:27:26,563 --> 00:27:28,771
I'd be lying if I said no.

380
00:27:28,855 --> 00:27:31,230
The government and the chess federation,

381
00:27:31,313 --> 00:27:33,188
everybody changed their tunes.

382
00:27:33,271 --> 00:27:35,146
We couldn't do anything wrong.

383
00:27:35,813 --> 00:27:38,188
The political landscape was changing.

384
00:27:38,271 --> 00:27:40,896
The Berlin Wall was soon falling.

385
00:27:40,980 --> 00:27:47,396
Between that and our win at the Olympiad,
it was much easier for us to travel.

386
00:27:49,230 --> 00:27:52,730
Judit won a whole bunch
of tournaments that year,

387
00:27:52,813 --> 00:27:56,021
and there was no sibling rivalry.

388
00:27:56,105 --> 00:27:59,063
We all believed
that sky is the limit for her.

389
00:27:59,146 --> 00:28:01,688
When will there be a woman world champion?

390
00:28:01,771 --> 00:28:03,855
Well, maybe she's sitting next to me.

391
00:28:03,938 --> 00:28:05,855
I don't know.

392
00:28:06,521 --> 00:28:08,771
The world's never seen anything like this.

393
00:28:08,855 --> 00:28:10,896
She's getting better
with every tournament.

394
00:28:10,980 --> 00:28:12,021
It's frightening.

395
00:28:13,855 --> 00:28:18,480
I shifted 200 rating points
only half a year, which was enormous.

396
00:28:20,063 --> 00:28:22,896
In chess, we have a rating system.

397
00:28:22,980 --> 00:28:24,688
It is quite simple.

398
00:28:24,771 --> 00:28:27,605
Two people play against each other,
and they both have a rating.

399
00:28:28,313 --> 00:28:32,896
If you beat me,
you gain points and I lose points.

400
00:28:34,980 --> 00:28:39,605
So when I was 12 years old, I became
number one woman player in the world.

401
00:28:40,605 --> 00:28:42,355
But I wasn't stopping.

402
00:28:45,146 --> 00:28:51,021
I want to be a grandmaster,
and then my rating higher and higher.

403
00:28:52,980 --> 00:28:57,313
In order to become a grandmaster,
you need to reach 2500 or above

404
00:28:57,396 --> 00:29:00,563
and you also need to perform
at a high level

405
00:29:00,646 --> 00:29:03,480
in three really competitive tournaments.

406
00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:08,688
Judit was just
breaking those records down.

407
00:29:08,771 --> 00:29:10,938
So the world had really gone crazy

408
00:29:11,021 --> 00:29:16,980
about the possibility that she could break
Bobby Fischer's 33-year-old record

409
00:29:17,063 --> 00:29:21,521
of becoming the youngest person
to ever get a grandmaster title.

410
00:29:22,688 --> 00:29:25,688
Every month,
her picture was on the magazine.

411
00:29:26,646 --> 00:29:28,313
Everyone was tracking her progress.

412
00:29:34,313 --> 00:29:39,355
And then in 1991, I went to
the Hungarian Super Championship.

413
00:29:39,438 --> 00:29:42,938
It was, uh, when I was 15 and 4 months.

414
00:29:46,605 --> 00:29:50,146
This was my last opportunity
to break Bobby Fischer's record.

415
00:29:55,771 --> 00:29:58,021
It was the strongest ever
Hungarian championship.

416
00:29:58,730 --> 00:30:01,188
All of the Hungarian greats were there.

417
00:30:01,980 --> 00:30:04,813
Obviously, nobody had in mind
that I am a contender.

418
00:30:13,646 --> 00:30:14,980
I was playing pretty good.

419
00:30:16,438 --> 00:30:18,063
It was a shock to people.

420
00:30:23,521 --> 00:30:25,105
It was the last round.

421
00:30:25,188 --> 00:30:27,563
I was playing with the black pieces

422
00:30:27,646 --> 00:30:30,396
against the Hungarian grandmaster
Tibor Tolnai.

423
00:30:33,188 --> 00:30:39,396
And she just needed a draw against
Tibor Tolnai to become a grandmaster.

424
00:30:42,896 --> 00:30:47,646
But in order to win the tournament
and become the Hungarian champion,

425
00:30:47,730 --> 00:30:50,813
she needed a win.
So she was in a bit of a dilemma.

426
00:30:57,938 --> 00:31:01,396
She had to choose
whether to settle for a draw

427
00:31:01,480 --> 00:31:03,813
and become a grandmaster,

428
00:31:04,438 --> 00:31:09,688
or go all out and try to win
the championship as well.

429
00:31:10,938 --> 00:31:13,563
Most chess players will settle for a draw,

430
00:31:13,646 --> 00:31:15,813
lose the national championship,

431
00:31:15,896 --> 00:31:20,105
but achieve the grandmaster title,
and then you make history.

432
00:31:21,605 --> 00:31:24,480
If she loses, she would not get either.

433
00:31:26,938 --> 00:31:29,063
Oh, they're terrible chess players.

434
00:31:29,938 --> 00:31:32,480
I guess they're just not so smart.

435
00:31:34,063 --> 00:31:36,521
I wanted to beat Bobby Fischer's record,

436
00:31:36,605 --> 00:31:39,396
but I also wanted to win the event.

437
00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:41,980
She chose the riskier version.

438
00:31:44,563 --> 00:31:47,188
I was so nervous for her.

439
00:31:50,396 --> 00:31:54,230
I was playing very tactical,
very sharp positions.

440
00:31:57,480 --> 00:31:59,771
I was breaking up the center.

441
00:32:01,271 --> 00:32:05,396
Then at one point, I made a very
unexpected move for my opponent.

442
00:32:08,980 --> 00:32:13,188
From the side,
I jumped to C4 with my knight.

443
00:32:19,271 --> 00:32:22,563
Now I'm threatening to capture this pawn.

444
00:32:22,646 --> 00:32:27,605
White cannot capture my knight
because I would be capturing it back,

445
00:32:29,521 --> 00:32:33,646
and then I could double attack
the queen and the bishop,

446
00:32:34,396 --> 00:32:36,771
and everything falls apart for white.

447
00:32:41,605 --> 00:32:45,021
Sometimes only one move in a game
can make a difference.

448
00:32:50,688 --> 00:32:52,605
And then a few moves later…

449
00:32:56,896 --> 00:32:58,271
I won.

450
00:33:09,271 --> 00:33:13,688
I became a grandmaster
when I was 15 years old and 4 months,

451
00:33:13,771 --> 00:33:15,230
breaking Bobby Fischer's record.

452
00:33:19,980 --> 00:33:23,771
You can't overstate
the significance of this achievement.

453
00:33:23,855 --> 00:33:28,438
Judit was the youngest person ever,
male or female,

454
00:33:28,521 --> 00:33:30,771
to become a grandmaster.

455
00:33:30,855 --> 00:33:34,938
That a 15-year-old
would win the national championship

456
00:33:35,730 --> 00:33:38,480
and at the same time become a grandmaster,

457
00:33:38,563 --> 00:33:41,021
it was like a fairy tale story.

458
00:33:43,771 --> 00:33:47,438
Becoming a grandmaster is very important.

459
00:33:49,188 --> 00:33:54,646
I gained more self-confidence
that I can beat such a caliber of player…

460
00:33:56,688 --> 00:34:00,355
but now, I was thinking about,
"What's next?"

461
00:34:12,521 --> 00:34:16,146
Linares tournament,
the most important in the world.

462
00:34:18,813 --> 00:34:21,855
Linares is the Wimbledon of chess.

463
00:34:25,730 --> 00:34:31,646
Once every year, we get together
in Linares and we determine who is who.

464
00:34:31,730 --> 00:34:34,271
It's the first time in chess history

465
00:34:34,355 --> 00:34:39,188
that a girl is among
the best male players in the world.

466
00:34:39,813 --> 00:34:42,480
It was my first elite tournament.

467
00:34:42,563 --> 00:34:45,480
The very best players were competing.

468
00:34:49,855 --> 00:34:51,355
Including Garry Kasparov.

469
00:34:53,146 --> 00:34:56,646
Preparation for such a tournament
is very challenging,

470
00:34:58,313 --> 00:35:02,021
but we know it in advance,
so I had months to study.

471
00:35:02,980 --> 00:35:06,355
It was very important for her

472
00:35:06,438 --> 00:35:08,605
to be well-prepared for the competition.

473
00:35:08,688 --> 00:35:15,646
The opening variations
that Kasparov played had to be examined

474
00:35:16,188 --> 00:35:19,771
and work out a counter to that.

475
00:35:21,646 --> 00:35:23,355
I was a little bit nervous

476
00:35:23,438 --> 00:35:26,271
and curious how I will manage to play

477
00:35:26,355 --> 00:35:29,355
where every player
is considered better than I am.

478
00:35:31,230 --> 00:35:32,980
Kasparov told me in an interview

479
00:35:33,063 --> 00:35:36,188
that "It's very nice that Judit
will play in Linares tournament."

480
00:35:36,271 --> 00:35:40,771
And he said, "And that way,
we shall know her real strength."

481
00:35:41,688 --> 00:35:45,230
Well, actually, I don't know
what he means, "real strength."

482
00:35:45,980 --> 00:35:47,896
I'll try my best.

483
00:35:47,980 --> 00:35:49,896
Do you think you would beat him?

484
00:35:56,605 --> 00:35:58,771
I was always dominant in Linares.

485
00:35:58,855 --> 00:36:01,896
I won Linares '92, '93
with… with big scores.

486
00:36:04,188 --> 00:36:07,313
And in '94, I felt confident

487
00:36:07,396 --> 00:36:09,813
because I was still the strongest player
in the world of chess.

488
00:36:11,063 --> 00:36:14,396
It was an incredibly significant moment

489
00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:16,563
because for the first time,

490
00:36:16,646 --> 00:36:20,271
we had the world champion, Garry Kasparov,

491
00:36:20,355 --> 00:36:24,021
facing off against
the world's best female player.

492
00:36:24,938 --> 00:36:28,355
It was, at the time,
unheard of that a female player

493
00:36:28,438 --> 00:36:29,980
would face the top male player

494
00:36:30,063 --> 00:36:32,646
because they wouldn't play
in the same competitions.

495
00:36:33,521 --> 00:36:36,105
This was a historic moment.

496
00:36:38,021 --> 00:36:40,105
It was her first tournament of that level.

497
00:36:40,188 --> 00:36:43,563
She was a top player, but…

498
00:36:43,646 --> 00:36:47,313
Yeah, but still a… a female player.
So she had to prove.

499
00:37:02,105 --> 00:37:06,480
Kasparov arrived 30 seconds
before the start of the game…

500
00:37:08,146 --> 00:37:11,813
and all the photographers were standing
in front of him with the flash.

501
00:37:17,021 --> 00:37:19,271
He gives this incredible self-confidence

502
00:37:19,355 --> 00:37:25,271
that "I know what I'm doing.
I'm prepared. I beat you up."

503
00:37:25,355 --> 00:37:28,605
You have the feeling
that he wants to eat you up alive.

504
00:37:35,438 --> 00:37:38,605
The first encounter
between him and myself…

505
00:37:39,771 --> 00:37:40,980
anything can happen.

506
00:37:45,021 --> 00:37:47,230
I was playing with the white pieces.

507
00:37:47,313 --> 00:37:49,230
I always played the same first move,

508
00:37:50,480 --> 00:37:52,021
1. e4.

509
00:37:52,105 --> 00:37:54,188
The King's Pawn opening.

510
00:37:55,313 --> 00:37:58,105
I knew very well
that when I played against Kasparov

511
00:37:58,188 --> 00:38:02,646
that it's going to be a Sicilian Defense,
as he's an expert in that.

512
00:38:03,563 --> 00:38:06,813
The Sicilian Defense is combative.

513
00:38:06,896 --> 00:38:10,730
The players come out fighting
for control of the center of the board,

514
00:38:10,813 --> 00:38:13,605
and this leads to
a very dynamic style of play.

515
00:38:19,938 --> 00:38:22,480
And the game really opens up
pretty quickly.

516
00:38:23,063 --> 00:38:27,355
Judit has decided
that she wants to be ultra-aggressive

517
00:38:27,438 --> 00:38:29,855
and bring her queen near Kasparov's king.

518
00:38:32,313 --> 00:38:35,438
The queen is on the same line
as the black king,

519
00:38:36,105 --> 00:38:38,688
but you can't just
throw stuff at the king.

520
00:38:38,771 --> 00:38:41,355
Strong players will never let you
just knock them out.

521
00:38:43,855 --> 00:38:46,271
So you have to be a bit subtle about it.

522
00:38:46,355 --> 00:38:49,313
Judit was never that subtle
when she was a young player, however.

523
00:38:49,396 --> 00:38:53,271
She wanted to just come straight after you
and blow your head off.

524
00:38:56,021 --> 00:38:59,480
Against Kasparov,
a tricky deal, to be sure.

525
00:39:01,813 --> 00:39:05,063
Judit starts making moves
where she doesn't quite have a plan

526
00:39:06,396 --> 00:39:09,271
because she cannot find a path to attack,

527
00:39:10,063 --> 00:39:12,521
and she just loses control.

528
00:39:15,063 --> 00:39:18,188
From the very beginning,
Kasparov outplayed me.

529
00:39:20,396 --> 00:39:22,563
He played excellent moves.

530
00:39:25,313 --> 00:39:27,230
I was thinking quite a lot.

531
00:39:28,021 --> 00:39:30,521
I was using a lot of my time.

532
00:39:32,605 --> 00:39:34,813
It got worse and worse and worse.

533
00:39:37,646 --> 00:39:41,063
You could feel it was not very interesting
for the audience.

534
00:39:41,980 --> 00:39:44,313
People were going in and out.

535
00:39:44,396 --> 00:39:46,146
But of course, you never give up.

536
00:39:53,605 --> 00:39:56,563
Then we reached move 36,

537
00:39:57,563 --> 00:39:59,896
and something very strange happened.

538
00:40:01,313 --> 00:40:04,188
Kasparov moved his knight to C5.

539
00:40:08,771 --> 00:40:10,480
It was a huge blunder.

540
00:40:12,688 --> 00:40:15,188
Now I could move my bishop

541
00:40:16,688 --> 00:40:21,438
and I could make a double attack
where I attack his queen and the rook

542
00:40:21,521 --> 00:40:25,355
and you cannot make a move
which defends both attacks.

543
00:40:27,938 --> 00:40:32,105
Before this move, I knew that
I'm going to be losing the game.

544
00:40:32,188 --> 00:40:38,146
But at this point, I realized…
there is an option that I can draw.

545
00:40:40,188 --> 00:40:43,688
I can't even believe it that I'm playing
against the best player in the world

546
00:40:43,771 --> 00:40:45,230
and this is what I'm having.

547
00:40:48,271 --> 00:40:52,480
But after he released his hand,
he quickly picked the piece up

548
00:40:52,563 --> 00:40:57,021
and put it back to the initial square
to make a different move.

549
00:40:58,438 --> 00:41:00,896
This was a huge shock.

550
00:41:00,980 --> 00:41:03,605
My opponent played an illegal move.

551
00:41:06,730 --> 00:41:11,230
The touch-move rule
is very important in chess.

552
00:41:11,855 --> 00:41:15,480
If you let go of a piece,
then that's the move.

553
00:41:18,605 --> 00:41:23,105
If you make another move,
that's a clear breach of fair play.

554
00:41:23,188 --> 00:41:24,688
It's cheating.

555
00:41:27,188 --> 00:41:29,980
But the only one who sees it is Judit.

556
00:41:31,938 --> 00:41:36,021
I was like, you know, looking around
that, "Come on, what's going on?"

557
00:41:38,480 --> 00:41:43,980
Nobody said anything,
and I was not sure how to handle this.

558
00:41:44,063 --> 00:41:46,980
So I thought if nobody says anything,

559
00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:52,188
then well, maybe…
maybe I shouldn't say anything.

560
00:41:52,271 --> 00:41:55,605
Maybe it's only from my angle
that I see it.

561
00:41:56,230 --> 00:42:02,146
And, you know, a 17-year-old newcomer
against the world champion…

562
00:42:02,896 --> 00:42:06,063
Maybe in the future,
I will not get invitations if I do this.

563
00:42:06,146 --> 00:42:07,730
And how can I prove it?

564
00:42:07,813 --> 00:42:10,146
My saying against his saying.

565
00:42:11,896 --> 00:42:14,730
If she accuses him of doing this

566
00:42:14,813 --> 00:42:17,563
and Kasparov denies it,

567
00:42:18,355 --> 00:42:21,146
then it's this spoiled young brat

568
00:42:22,021 --> 00:42:26,021
who's losing the game
and cannot bear the idea

569
00:42:26,105 --> 00:42:29,605
and then she starts accusing him
of something terrible.

570
00:42:32,771 --> 00:42:35,813
The TV crews of the Spanish television

571
00:42:35,896 --> 00:42:37,855
happened to be there filming,

572
00:42:38,646 --> 00:42:41,688
but there was no cameraman
behind the camera.

573
00:42:42,896 --> 00:42:46,146
So it's not on film.

574
00:42:47,396 --> 00:42:49,188
She continued the game.

575
00:42:49,688 --> 00:42:55,188
And the rule is, once the game continued,
it's too late to complain and protest.

576
00:42:59,230 --> 00:43:01,438
After that, he played good moves.

577
00:43:02,605 --> 00:43:06,271
His winning position
was converted into victory…

578
00:43:08,563 --> 00:43:11,771
and, uh, it was over.

579
00:43:17,480 --> 00:43:19,771
I was very upset.

580
00:43:24,271 --> 00:43:28,271
After the game,
I went to the restaurant to eat.

581
00:43:28,355 --> 00:43:31,105
This was something
that we did during the tournament.

582
00:43:32,188 --> 00:43:35,730
Suddenly, the arbiter came to that table

583
00:43:36,230 --> 00:43:40,605
and he asked me,
"Is there anything I can help?"

584
00:43:40,688 --> 00:43:43,146
And I said,
"Well, if you're asking already,

585
00:43:43,230 --> 00:43:45,230
I would be very much interested

586
00:43:45,313 --> 00:43:49,313
whether the camera which was
standing there 15 meters away,

587
00:43:49,980 --> 00:43:52,146
if they recorded anything."

588
00:43:54,896 --> 00:43:57,813
Suddenly, the story starts growing,

589
00:43:59,521 --> 00:44:02,480
and Garry Kasparov
understands what's going on,

590
00:44:02,563 --> 00:44:05,313
and he's… he's getting
very upset about this.

591
00:44:05,396 --> 00:44:09,355
He's going around, he's telling people,
"Something should be done about this."

592
00:44:09,438 --> 00:44:12,938
He says, "You have to write about this,"
that "It's a disgrace."

593
00:44:13,646 --> 00:44:18,271
No one doubted Kasparov.
He's an extremely respected chess player.

594
00:44:19,355 --> 00:44:23,146
But still I asked him, "What do you think?
Did you let go of the piece?"

595
00:44:23,855 --> 00:44:29,230
And he says, "I don't know, I don't know.
I don't think so, but I don't know."

596
00:44:30,355 --> 00:44:33,896
The organizer of the event
gave out a press release…

597
00:44:35,980 --> 00:44:41,230
which says Kasparov
is the most honest player.

598
00:44:43,021 --> 00:44:44,980
And then at some point, there's news

599
00:44:45,063 --> 00:44:48,188
the film crew
is on their way back to Linares.

600
00:44:51,271 --> 00:44:55,313
What happened was
after the camera crew returned to Madrid,

601
00:44:55,396 --> 00:45:00,355
they realized that they accidentally
forgot to turn off the camera…

602
00:45:02,563 --> 00:45:04,563
and the film was rolling.

603
00:45:07,438 --> 00:45:10,063
So his television crew
showed their footage.

604
00:45:30,021 --> 00:45:33,355
And it's clear he has let go of the piece

605
00:45:34,313 --> 00:45:38,730
and then touches it again
and withdraws it.

606
00:45:40,438 --> 00:45:43,980
I remember the shock.
The shock of the image on the video.

607
00:45:45,021 --> 00:45:47,980
Judit couldn't believe
it's happening either.

608
00:45:49,896 --> 00:45:54,021
I was happy that the video
proved what I felt.

609
00:45:54,563 --> 00:45:58,313
At the same time,
it was not real consolation for me,

610
00:45:58,396 --> 00:46:02,230
because once you sign
the scoresheet after the game,

611
00:46:02,313 --> 00:46:04,146
you cannot change anything.

612
00:46:06,813 --> 00:46:10,521
Nobody expects the world champion
to break the rule like this

613
00:46:10,605 --> 00:46:13,688
because he thinks that it's…
it's much more embarrassing

614
00:46:13,771 --> 00:46:15,396
to lose against a girl.

615
00:46:15,480 --> 00:46:19,605
And the problem was,
I trusted my opponent.

616
00:46:19,688 --> 00:46:21,021
And I shouldn't.

617
00:46:21,813 --> 00:46:26,813
Yeah, there was a… Yes, there was
a little controversy there, so I just, I…

618
00:46:27,396 --> 00:46:31,271
I believe that I didn't feel
that my hand actually left the piece.

619
00:46:31,355 --> 00:46:34,271
I wouldn't have done that.
It's about one-point… It's…

620
00:46:34,355 --> 00:46:39,646
If you look at the video,
it's about one-tenth of a second.

621
00:46:42,563 --> 00:46:45,063
I didn't feel that I made something wrong.

622
00:46:46,063 --> 00:46:48,855
Unless you do it in
a very, very slow motion, you cannot feel.

623
00:46:48,938 --> 00:46:52,105
So try to see it as one-tenth of a second
whether you feel it or not.

624
00:46:56,313 --> 00:47:00,688
It was actually not losing the game,
the game would end as a draw, but still,

625
00:47:00,771 --> 00:47:03,188
it would be very unpleasant to miss a win.

626
00:47:07,146 --> 00:47:09,438
This moment basically ruined my tournament

627
00:47:09,521 --> 00:47:13,938
because I was under pressure for the rest
of the tournament by people to remind me.

628
00:47:16,063 --> 00:47:18,980
The scandal started, and it took off.

629
00:47:19,063 --> 00:47:20,980
The champions are cheating.

630
00:47:21,063 --> 00:47:22,855
At least you can't tell otherwise

631
00:47:22,938 --> 00:47:25,771
from the images
we are about to see in a moment.

632
00:47:27,105 --> 00:47:31,021
You can see how the champion
did something that is totally forbidden.

633
00:47:33,188 --> 00:47:36,438
It became a pretty big drama.

634
00:47:37,896 --> 00:47:41,688
It's one of the most famous incidents
in chess, that's for sure.

635
00:47:45,813 --> 00:47:47,896
Judit was, of course, very upset.

636
00:47:48,605 --> 00:47:51,396
But what she does is…

637
00:47:51,480 --> 00:47:55,188
is quite admirable for a girl of her age,
especially in her position.

638
00:48:02,896 --> 00:48:07,480
On the final day, she walks up to Kasparov
in the lobby of the hotel,

639
00:48:08,146 --> 00:48:11,438
and she says,
"How could you do this to me?"

640
00:48:14,938 --> 00:48:18,313
If you've never seen
Garry Kasparov in person,

641
00:48:18,396 --> 00:48:22,521
you may not fully appreciate
how brave that is,

642
00:48:22,605 --> 00:48:24,646
because he's a… he's a force.

643
00:48:27,938 --> 00:48:30,271
I wanted an explanation by Garry.

644
00:48:32,063 --> 00:48:33,480
And then he got insulted

645
00:48:33,563 --> 00:48:37,105
that I was kind of humiliating him
in front of other people.

646
00:48:42,605 --> 00:48:44,688
I asked him in an interview about this,

647
00:48:44,771 --> 00:48:47,271
and he says,
"Well, she should learn some manners."

648
00:48:50,063 --> 00:48:52,646
He was so upset,
that they didn't speak for three years.

649
00:49:06,105 --> 00:49:09,521
After the game,
there were talks and questions

650
00:49:09,605 --> 00:49:12,688
from journalists and family.

651
00:49:14,188 --> 00:49:18,771
It was, uh, more of a headache
to talk about it.

652
00:49:21,063 --> 00:49:23,021
Even though he blundered,

653
00:49:24,063 --> 00:49:26,396
I was outplayed, I understood.

654
00:49:27,646 --> 00:49:30,188
It was a very bad feeling.

655
00:49:34,146 --> 00:49:36,896
I never scolded them

656
00:49:36,980 --> 00:49:41,396
for not winning a game.

657
00:49:41,480 --> 00:49:43,813
Still, losing is a very bad thing.

658
00:49:46,271 --> 00:49:51,146
My father was never hiding it
that he wanted success

659
00:49:51,230 --> 00:49:53,855
to prove his experiment,

660
00:49:53,938 --> 00:49:58,021
to show that he can do
something big with his children.

661
00:50:00,605 --> 00:50:04,730
After this, he said that
we should be competing again

662
00:50:04,813 --> 00:50:07,021
in the Women's Chess Olympiad.

663
00:50:08,688 --> 00:50:13,438
I thought that it's pretty obvious that
we were the best in women's competitions.

664
00:50:16,146 --> 00:50:18,730
I wanted to prove myself with men.

665
00:50:21,771 --> 00:50:26,355
And from then on, I started to make
some, uh, decisions on my own.

666
00:50:28,355 --> 00:50:32,646
Sometimes it is so important for you
that parents say whatever they say,

667
00:50:33,396 --> 00:50:35,063
you go on your own way.

668
00:50:45,646 --> 00:50:50,105
That same year,
I saw Judit play at the Madrid tournament,

669
00:50:50,188 --> 00:50:52,105
and she played absolutely brilliant chess.

670
00:50:52,938 --> 00:50:56,063
Can I have a taste of your ice cream…

671
00:50:56,563 --> 00:50:58,980
She beat very strong players,

672
00:51:00,355 --> 00:51:02,813
and what I will never forget

673
00:51:02,896 --> 00:51:07,063
is the way the male players
reacted to her victory.

674
00:51:07,146 --> 00:51:09,771
No, mind your own business

675
00:51:10,563 --> 00:51:13,896
No, mind your own business

676
00:51:13,980 --> 00:51:18,313
There were four games
where the opponent didn't resign,

677
00:51:18,396 --> 00:51:19,688
didn't shake hands.

678
00:51:21,105 --> 00:51:24,021
Can I have a taste of your ice cream?

679
00:51:24,521 --> 00:51:27,688
Can I lick the crumbs from your table…

680
00:51:28,480 --> 00:51:32,188
I mean, all those things
are sacrosanct in chess.

681
00:51:32,271 --> 00:51:35,438
That's what you do,
and they just stormed off.

682
00:51:35,521 --> 00:51:40,105
-Why don't you mind your own business?
-Business, business, business

683
00:51:41,355 --> 00:51:42,938
It was embarrassing.

684
00:51:49,771 --> 00:51:54,480
How do male chess players
respond when you defeat them?

685
00:52:00,271 --> 00:52:05,396
I was fighting a lot
to gain respect from the elite,

686
00:52:05,480 --> 00:52:07,146
and world champions.

687
00:52:07,688 --> 00:52:12,021
Some of them were very skeptical
that I belong there.

688
00:52:12,105 --> 00:52:15,771
What will it take for her
to become an absolute world top player?

689
00:52:15,855 --> 00:52:18,063
I think it will be very difficult.

690
00:52:19,188 --> 00:52:21,188
She must be lucky all the time.

691
00:52:22,938 --> 00:52:26,521
One of the great grandmasters,
Viktor Korchnoi,

692
00:52:26,605 --> 00:52:28,896
said that I'm a coffeehouse player.

693
00:52:31,021 --> 00:52:32,771
He didn't take me seriously.

694
00:52:39,980 --> 00:52:44,896
I had to prove it like ten times more
than if I would have been born as a boy.

695
00:52:44,980 --> 00:52:48,188
Have we ever had a world champion
who was a woman?

696
00:52:48,271 --> 00:52:49,813
-Women's world champions.
-Why not?

697
00:52:49,896 --> 00:52:52,813
We'd think that this would be
a perfect sport for women to dominate.

698
00:52:52,896 --> 00:52:55,230
Uh, we have facts that say the contrary.

699
00:52:55,313 --> 00:52:57,313
But Judit Polgár from Hungary.

700
00:52:57,396 --> 00:52:58,605
Judit is an exception,

701
00:52:58,688 --> 00:53:03,313
but even she has some problems of catching
this fighting spirit for the whole match.

702
00:53:07,855 --> 00:53:12,105
In 1996, there was an invitational event
in Dos Hermanas.

703
00:53:15,313 --> 00:53:20,438
Before the games, I was with my mother.
We were pressing the elevator.

704
00:53:20,521 --> 00:53:23,230
The elevator stops, the doors open,

705
00:53:23,313 --> 00:53:25,521
and suddenly,
Kasparov is there with his coach.

706
00:53:30,230 --> 00:53:34,355
It was a funny scene, as we had
a little tension between each other

707
00:53:34,438 --> 00:53:36,980
for years after the incident.

708
00:53:40,396 --> 00:53:43,105
And my mom says,
"Okay, go into the elevator."

709
00:53:51,563 --> 00:53:55,813
I went to the game thinking
I have to give him a great fight.

710
00:54:01,980 --> 00:54:04,063
I was playing with the white pieces again.

711
00:54:05,146 --> 00:54:07,188
I have an advantage already.

712
00:54:08,313 --> 00:54:09,855
First move, 1. e4.

713
00:54:13,105 --> 00:54:15,646
And it's another Sicilian.

714
00:54:15,730 --> 00:54:20,396
But from there,
this game was absolutely wild.

715
00:54:22,855 --> 00:54:25,521
Judit starts to attack right away.
She attacks the queen first.

716
00:54:28,188 --> 00:54:31,021
Then she checks the king.
The king had to move.

717
00:54:32,688 --> 00:54:36,021
Then the bishop
lands on the board to attack.

718
00:54:36,813 --> 00:54:39,146
I knew that she would play
very aggressive chess,

719
00:54:39,230 --> 00:54:40,688
but I was very surprised.

720
00:54:40,771 --> 00:54:44,230
Judit had more,
it was like an energy ball,

721
00:54:44,313 --> 00:54:47,563
you know, like a thunderbolt
that could actually explode.

722
00:54:48,646 --> 00:54:52,105
Judit really went for it in the opening.
She played in an aggressive way.

723
00:54:52,188 --> 00:54:53,771
She took space.

724
00:54:55,646 --> 00:54:57,771
Then she'd entered the middle game.

725
00:54:59,688 --> 00:55:02,938
The middle game is the deep ideas stage

726
00:55:03,021 --> 00:55:05,480
where you're constantly trying
to outwit your opponent.

727
00:55:05,563 --> 00:55:08,688
This is the stage where the drama,
the action happens.

728
00:55:09,646 --> 00:55:12,563
Kasparov decides to up the ante,

729
00:55:13,480 --> 00:55:17,105
and he just boldly puts his rook
right in the middle of the board,

730
00:55:17,188 --> 00:55:20,313
attacking her queen
and her bishop at the same time.

731
00:55:20,396 --> 00:55:21,855
This is a dogfight.

732
00:55:23,021 --> 00:55:28,021
She was a little bit shaky at this point,
and Garry just kept wearing her down.

733
00:55:28,646 --> 00:55:32,146
Part of the intensity
is based on how long it was taking.

734
00:55:34,313 --> 00:55:37,188
It was a little bit cat and mouse.

735
00:55:38,355 --> 00:55:42,855
He created the winning position,
then somehow I sneaked away,

736
00:55:42,938 --> 00:55:45,646
and then again,
he got the winning position.

737
00:55:49,438 --> 00:55:51,896
I started to play inaccuracies.

738
00:55:52,646 --> 00:55:56,563
Garry played very well
and took over the game.

739
00:55:58,396 --> 00:56:01,188
I was calculating,
like, eight or ten moves

740
00:56:01,271 --> 00:56:03,230
to figure out how I can save it.

741
00:56:04,813 --> 00:56:08,396
But it's Kasparov's move,
and he just boldly puts his rook

742
00:56:08,480 --> 00:56:10,938
right on the same line as her king.

743
00:56:11,021 --> 00:56:13,271
It looks like
she might be losing material here.

744
00:56:13,355 --> 00:56:14,938
Maybe she has to resign.

745
00:56:16,563 --> 00:56:19,438
One of the typical weaknesses
for many female players

746
00:56:19,521 --> 00:56:21,771
is that they are panicking
if there's a threat.

747
00:56:21,855 --> 00:56:24,563
You see the threat,
and there's a panic, defensive reaction.

748
00:56:26,230 --> 00:56:29,063
Right now, you have to decide what to do.

749
00:56:32,105 --> 00:56:33,396
And the time is ticking.

750
00:56:37,313 --> 00:56:40,188
Judit ignored the threat.

751
00:56:40,271 --> 00:56:43,521
She counters. She takes a pawn.

752
00:56:43,605 --> 00:56:46,021
She is now ahead by a full pawn.

753
00:56:47,480 --> 00:56:51,730
My aggression is met not by panic,
but just extra aggression on her side.

754
00:56:53,521 --> 00:56:55,563
She played with such great defense.

755
00:56:55,646 --> 00:56:59,105
She's just making it very difficult
for him to win the game.

756
00:57:00,063 --> 00:57:02,271
This is a game that goes on for hours.

757
00:57:03,396 --> 00:57:06,105
And then I found a very unexpected idea.

758
00:57:07,646 --> 00:57:12,938
She gives a check to the black king,
and then she sacrifices a rook.

759
00:57:14,896 --> 00:57:17,146
This was like thunder in a blue sky.

760
00:57:17,230 --> 00:57:20,146
Completely unexpected for Garry.

761
00:57:21,438 --> 00:57:26,563
And suddenly, his position
isn't so easily winning anymore.

762
00:57:33,313 --> 00:57:38,521
Judit just relies on those tricks
to keep alive in the game.

763
00:57:39,355 --> 00:57:44,188
And then, after six hours of play,
they reach an endgame.

764
00:57:47,021 --> 00:57:49,688
In the endgame, we don't have queens.

765
00:57:49,771 --> 00:57:52,980
We don't have attacking pieces so much.

766
00:57:53,063 --> 00:57:54,980
It's the final part of the game.

767
00:57:56,563 --> 00:58:01,521
She ended up in an endgame
what we say is theoretically drawn.

768
00:58:02,188 --> 00:58:05,605
Kasparov has a knight and a rook.

769
00:58:05,688 --> 00:58:07,980
She only has a rook. And that's a draw.

770
00:58:08,063 --> 00:58:09,396
It is dead drawn.

771
00:58:09,480 --> 00:58:12,563
It is so drawn that you can draw it
with your eyes closed.

772
00:58:12,646 --> 00:58:14,313
But she had to be a bit accurate,

773
00:58:14,396 --> 00:58:18,563
and I have to say that endgame
was never her strongest suit.

774
00:58:18,646 --> 00:58:22,355
Kasparov wanted to play a few more moves,
just checking my knowledge.

775
00:58:25,813 --> 00:58:31,021
He did not play all the moves 100%
accurately, but he never let it go.

776
00:58:33,646 --> 00:58:38,730
I realized that he knew much more than me
in this theoretical endgame.

777
00:58:42,563 --> 00:58:45,146
After a few more moves,

778
00:58:46,021 --> 00:58:48,480
Judit finally cracks.

779
00:58:56,355 --> 00:58:58,688
And my king could not escape.

780
00:59:04,980 --> 00:59:08,021
The tragedy here
was that she put up a good fight

781
00:59:08,938 --> 00:59:12,646
and she reaches this ending
which should have been safe,

782
00:59:12,730 --> 00:59:13,813
and she misplayed it.

783
00:59:15,271 --> 00:59:20,396
Imagine that you survive
a Mike Tyson barrage

784
00:59:20,480 --> 00:59:23,355
for eight rounds, ten rounds.

785
00:59:25,230 --> 00:59:29,355
Chess is a game that goes on for hours,
and after many hours,

786
00:59:29,438 --> 00:59:31,980
you just collapse under the pressure.

787
00:59:32,063 --> 00:59:34,313
And that's what strong players do to you.

788
00:59:36,396 --> 00:59:41,896
This endgame was an exam
which, in fact, wasn't that difficult,

789
00:59:41,980 --> 00:59:44,688
and she failed it under pressure.

790
00:59:47,438 --> 00:59:49,396
It was a bad loss.

791
00:59:50,813 --> 00:59:52,855
I made a very serious strategic mistake.

792
00:59:54,146 --> 00:59:56,938
So I didn't feel good,
especially after the game.

793
01:00:01,480 --> 01:00:04,438
After my game with Kasparov in '96,

794
01:00:05,021 --> 01:00:07,188
we played several games
against each other.

795
01:00:16,146 --> 01:00:19,271
I liked playing her because
she was a player with a style that…

796
01:00:19,355 --> 01:00:20,855
that made me feel comfortable.

797
01:00:22,813 --> 01:00:26,813
Riding on any wave
That is the luck you crave…

798
01:00:26,896 --> 01:00:30,980
Judit was over-aggressive.
It's a very powerful attacking style.

799
01:00:31,688 --> 01:00:34,730
I was also an attacking player,
but more experienced.

800
01:00:34,813 --> 01:00:38,563
So that's why her attacks, her aggression,
actually worked against her.

801
01:00:41,855 --> 01:00:46,063
You have to understand that
Garry Kasparov is widely considered to be

802
01:00:46,146 --> 01:00:49,146
the greatest chess player
in all of history.

803
01:00:49,230 --> 01:00:52,438
So Judit was not just playing
the current world champion,

804
01:00:52,521 --> 01:00:54,230
she was going blow for blow

805
01:00:54,313 --> 01:00:56,646
with the greatest chess player
of all time.

806
01:00:59,771 --> 01:01:04,480
I felt that when I played
with Kasparov that just by sitting there,

807
01:01:04,563 --> 01:01:07,021
before making any move,

808
01:01:08,021 --> 01:01:09,771
he was superior.

809
01:01:09,855 --> 01:01:13,355
I even felt it's a formality…

810
01:01:13,438 --> 01:01:16,896
…but we still have to play the game,
but eventually he wins.

811
01:01:16,980 --> 01:01:19,771
Forget it, I don't understand…

812
01:01:19,855 --> 01:01:22,146
I was at my peak of my performance, so,

813
01:01:22,230 --> 01:01:25,855
she was one of the players
that because of her playing style,

814
01:01:25,938 --> 01:01:30,813
and some kind of maybe
psychological, um, discomfort facing me,

815
01:01:30,896 --> 01:01:35,063
uh, didn't do well,
but she was one of… many.

816
01:01:39,730 --> 01:01:42,521
The way she played chess
was not compatible

817
01:01:42,605 --> 01:01:47,313
with the best way to handle
Garry Kasparov in my… my… my best years.

818
01:01:47,396 --> 01:01:49,313
You have difficulties playing Kasparov?

819
01:01:49,896 --> 01:01:52,855
Yeah, I don't have too good scoring.

820
01:01:53,355 --> 01:01:58,271
Would it mean that you have too much
respect for him to play at full strength?

821
01:01:58,355 --> 01:02:01,563
I don't know, maybe unconsciously I do.

822
01:02:08,855 --> 01:02:12,771
Not winning, it's not all the time
that you feel the same.

823
01:02:12,855 --> 01:02:16,730
Sometimes when you lose
and your opponent played extremely well

824
01:02:16,813 --> 01:02:21,813
and made great solutions, fantastic play,

825
01:02:21,896 --> 01:02:23,396
you don't feel so bad.

826
01:02:24,521 --> 01:02:27,855
Against Kasparov, the frustration came

827
01:02:27,938 --> 01:02:30,605
from the fact
that I couldn't give a good fight.

828
01:02:32,063 --> 01:02:36,438
Somehow to me,
he seemed unbeatable, superhuman.

829
01:02:38,730 --> 01:02:44,355
I have to give him a great fight,
but how is it possible?

830
01:02:46,396 --> 01:02:52,480
In chess, you can see that many players,
they are so absorbed by the game,

831
01:02:52,563 --> 01:02:54,105
so obsessed with it,

832
01:02:54,188 --> 01:02:59,105
that it takes on an importance
that is way beyond the game.

833
01:03:00,230 --> 01:03:02,271
It's of life importance.

834
01:03:06,646 --> 01:03:11,646
I think my father wanted success
so much to prove that he's right,

835
01:03:11,730 --> 01:03:17,688
that his beliefs are…
"Surely it's going to be a success."

836
01:03:20,688 --> 01:03:23,146
He was saying that the next two years

837
01:03:23,230 --> 01:03:26,646
is going to be
the breakthrough of everything.

838
01:03:28,105 --> 01:03:30,896
And he always wanted me to go further,

839
01:03:30,980 --> 01:03:34,980
focus on getting into the top ten,
and to invest more energy.

840
01:03:37,938 --> 01:03:41,688
For many years,
with this project that he started,

841
01:03:41,771 --> 01:03:44,563
people, they wondered
whether he was a good guy.

842
01:03:47,313 --> 01:03:49,605
A lot of people felt like he was doing it

843
01:03:49,688 --> 01:03:54,605
because of his own personal pride
and not for the good of his children.

844
01:03:57,438 --> 01:03:59,771
For many people, there was a question,

845
01:03:59,855 --> 01:04:02,063
"What is going on with the kids?"

846
01:04:02,146 --> 01:04:04,980
"Is it something that the parents
are ruining their life?"

847
01:04:08,021 --> 01:04:12,896
I understood my lifestyle
is different from my peers

848
01:04:12,980 --> 01:04:15,313
because I spent
so much time studying chess.

849
01:04:17,146 --> 01:04:20,396
Of course, I felt that
it would be sometimes easier

850
01:04:20,480 --> 01:04:24,646
just to watch movies
or spending more time with friends.

851
01:04:26,521 --> 01:04:32,313
For many years, focusing on preparing,
on competing, it took my whole life up.

852
01:04:33,938 --> 01:04:35,730
It didn't feel like enough.

853
01:04:35,813 --> 01:04:38,980
After all,
it's 64 squares of a chessboard.

854
01:04:39,063 --> 01:04:41,938
There's much more to life than that.

855
01:04:45,188 --> 01:04:50,605
I was happy,
but at some point after I was 20,

856
01:04:50,688 --> 01:04:54,688
he still wouldn't mind
if my life would be only about chess.

857
01:04:54,771 --> 01:05:00,980
But I wanted to have a little bit more,
expand a little bit my life, uh,

858
01:05:01,063 --> 01:05:02,855
not only on the chessboard.

859
01:05:15,188 --> 01:05:20,313
It is mostly
small coincidences that make reality.

860
01:05:24,313 --> 01:05:27,188
I was working as a veterinarian,
after university,

861
01:05:28,521 --> 01:05:33,063
and a red-haired girl came in
who looked exactly like Judit Polgár.

862
01:05:35,771 --> 01:05:39,396
One day, when I was almost 23 years old,

863
01:05:40,146 --> 01:05:42,688
I took the family dog to the vet.

864
01:05:43,730 --> 01:05:48,313
The doctor was, uh,
very friendly, very smiley

865
01:05:48,396 --> 01:05:51,438
and, uh… talkative.

866
01:05:51,521 --> 01:05:55,021
Somehow, the examination
took quite a long time.

867
01:05:55,105 --> 01:05:56,730
Right at this moment,

868
01:05:56,813 --> 01:05:58,938
I deviated from protocol,
and I suggested to her,

869
01:05:59,021 --> 01:06:02,480
"Listen, why don't we go play tennis?"

870
01:06:08,688 --> 01:06:14,480
What makes a man fall for a woman?

871
01:06:15,355 --> 01:06:18,855
For thousands of years, there has been
no easy answer to this question.

872
01:06:21,146 --> 01:06:25,188
With her smiling eyes and red hair,

873
01:06:25,271 --> 01:06:28,855
she had a fire about her, an energy, and

874
01:06:29,688 --> 01:06:33,438
from the very first moment,
she said what she meant.

875
01:06:36,063 --> 01:06:40,855
I found that to be a very sexy thing.

876
01:06:44,230 --> 01:06:48,355
We started to date, pretty frequently,

877
01:06:48,438 --> 01:06:51,855
and then I was going to an event,

878
01:06:51,938 --> 01:06:56,563
and I won the tournament,
uh, being in love very much.

879
01:06:57,146 --> 01:07:00,021
And, uh, after that, we moved together.

880
01:07:39,896 --> 01:07:42,896
When Judit got married,

881
01:07:43,646 --> 01:07:50,396
my role as a manager basically stopped.

882
01:08:01,063 --> 01:08:02,980
Well, for my father,

883
01:08:03,063 --> 01:08:06,063
I felt that a little bit,
he was sorry for that.

884
01:08:07,813 --> 01:08:09,730
I have to be honest,

885
01:08:09,813 --> 01:08:12,480
I'm reluctant
to give an opinion on this matter.

886
01:08:15,396 --> 01:08:20,771
I had very little influence
on my daughters once they were grown up.

887
01:08:20,855 --> 01:08:26,063
Because their husbands basically took them
in a different direction.

888
01:08:29,063 --> 01:08:32,521
And so when my role as manager ended,

889
01:08:34,563 --> 01:08:38,063
I was a little hurt.
I found it a bit strange.

890
01:08:40,688 --> 01:08:43,730
But I said that it was up to Judit

891
01:08:43,813 --> 01:08:46,563
to decide how she wanted
to continue her life.

892
01:09:09,105 --> 01:09:10,730
My sweetheart wanted strawberries

893
01:09:10,813 --> 01:09:11,980
and ordered this for herself.

894
01:09:12,063 --> 01:09:14,605
Yes, and I'll eat yours too.

895
01:09:14,688 --> 01:09:16,188
When we got married,

896
01:09:16,271 --> 01:09:20,938
I was nearly getting
to the 2700 magical rating points,

897
01:09:21,021 --> 01:09:24,730
which was considered,
at the time, getting into the top ten.

898
01:09:24,813 --> 01:09:27,771
But somehow I could never go
and cross that.

899
01:09:29,813 --> 01:09:34,313
There were several events
where I played well, I won some points,

900
01:09:34,396 --> 01:09:36,771
and then I played one tournament
where I lost it all.

901
01:09:39,146 --> 01:09:44,355
And with Gusztáv, I learned
that I can make a different strategy.

902
01:09:47,105 --> 01:09:50,605
When I became a part of her life,

903
01:09:50,688 --> 01:09:52,271
I told her a big secret.

904
01:09:53,605 --> 01:09:57,063
In chess, there is winning,
there is losing,

905
01:09:57,646 --> 01:09:59,730
and there is a third outcome,

906
01:09:59,813 --> 01:10:01,021
a draw.

907
01:10:01,105 --> 01:10:04,105
He was on the side
that a draw is better than a loss.

908
01:10:04,813 --> 01:10:06,688
If you lose against an opponent

909
01:10:06,771 --> 01:10:10,021
with the same rating,
you lose rating points.

910
01:10:10,105 --> 01:10:12,521
If you draw, you don't lose them.

911
01:10:13,021 --> 01:10:16,646
There were games where previously
I would make a different decision.

912
01:10:16,730 --> 01:10:19,063
I would be fighting, and I want to win.

913
01:10:19,813 --> 01:10:21,438
And at that point already I said,

914
01:10:21,521 --> 01:10:25,021
"Okay, if I don't have ideas
that I think can work,

915
01:10:25,105 --> 01:10:28,313
the draw is also an accepted result."

916
01:10:33,605 --> 01:10:35,188
So she stayed

917
01:10:35,271 --> 01:10:37,771
one of the best offensive players
in the world,

918
01:10:38,355 --> 01:10:41,355
but she started to lose less,

919
01:10:42,521 --> 01:10:45,313
and her rating started to rise.

920
01:10:51,355 --> 01:10:55,188
After this change in approach,
in 2001 Linares,

921
01:10:55,271 --> 01:10:59,313
there is, of course,
a big rematch between Judit and Kasparov.

922
01:11:03,230 --> 01:11:06,730
This is the tournament
where the touch-move controversy happened

923
01:11:06,813 --> 01:11:09,521
and years later, now here they are again.

924
01:11:12,521 --> 01:11:16,521
At that time, my playing style,
some say it was a little bit primitive,

925
01:11:16,605 --> 01:11:18,146
but it worked.

926
01:11:18,230 --> 01:11:20,438
But I was still
the number one rated player,

927
01:11:20,521 --> 01:11:22,146
and I was still doing well.

928
01:11:22,230 --> 01:11:24,480
Especially in 2001, I did really well.

929
01:11:27,230 --> 01:11:32,771
I have to reiterate that the expectations
for Judit were not low, but not very high.

930
01:11:35,855 --> 01:11:38,771
I had a very clear strategy in this game.

931
01:11:39,480 --> 01:11:44,771
A strategy where
he's going to be nervous, worried.

932
01:11:46,188 --> 01:11:49,146
Even it crosses his mind
that he can lose the game.

933
01:11:56,646 --> 01:11:57,855
The game starts,

934
01:11:58,688 --> 01:12:01,938
Judit with the white pieces
and Garry with the black pieces.

935
01:12:05,188 --> 01:12:08,105
I knew one thing,
that Kasparov did not like at all

936
01:12:08,188 --> 01:12:10,146
when his king is attacked.

937
01:12:10,230 --> 01:12:14,855
I said, "No matter what it takes,
I'm going to be attacking his king."

938
01:12:21,313 --> 01:12:24,396
Judit has chose to castle
on the left side of the board

939
01:12:24,480 --> 01:12:28,771
while Garry Kasparov castles
on the opposite side of the board.

940
01:12:28,855 --> 01:12:31,063
The nature of positions like this in chess

941
01:12:31,146 --> 01:12:35,438
means that both of them are going to be
launching aggressive attacks.

942
01:12:36,771 --> 01:12:40,605
This is a race between
who gets to the king first.

943
01:12:45,438 --> 01:12:50,146
Already at the early stage of the game,
I sacrificed a pawn.

944
01:12:52,313 --> 01:12:55,105
Kasparov accepts the pawn sacrifice,

945
01:12:55,188 --> 01:12:59,480
but it means that Judit's bishop
is now a very powerful piece.

946
01:12:59,563 --> 01:13:04,105
So she's down on material,
but she's the one who has the initiative.

947
01:13:05,188 --> 01:13:08,855
Kasparov was kind of surprised,
but he understood the point.

948
01:13:09,980 --> 01:13:13,271
Kasparov breaks open
in the middle of the board with a pawn.

949
01:13:13,355 --> 01:13:15,396
He was attacking my bishop,

950
01:13:16,105 --> 01:13:18,980
and it would be very natural
to move it away.

951
01:13:20,313 --> 01:13:24,688
But she decides
to sacrifice a whole bishop.

952
01:13:26,480 --> 01:13:28,355
There is a big material loss,

953
01:13:28,438 --> 01:13:30,896
but still I said,
"I'm going to be attacking his king."

954
01:13:30,980 --> 01:13:32,605
"I'm going to keep attacking his king."

955
01:13:36,605 --> 01:13:39,771
At this point, I was looking around.

956
01:13:40,521 --> 01:13:45,521
The tournament hall was fully packed
because the game was so exciting.

957
01:13:50,896 --> 01:13:54,646
I think Kasparov had the feeling
that probably he has an advantage.

958
01:13:56,521 --> 01:14:00,271
The game was very intense,
but I felt comfortable.

959
01:14:01,938 --> 01:14:03,896
Kasparov used a lot of his time.

960
01:14:06,438 --> 01:14:10,396
After these few minutes,
he played the most logical move.

961
01:14:11,896 --> 01:14:16,355
And suddenly, without thinking more
than three seconds, I pushed my pawn.

962
01:14:18,730 --> 01:14:21,146
Psychologically, it was such a shock.

963
01:14:22,438 --> 01:14:26,688
She's sacrificing everything
for the sake of the attack.

964
01:14:27,813 --> 01:14:32,021
And after that, he had to realize
that things are not so simple.

965
01:14:32,105 --> 01:14:35,063
I thought I was winning,
but she just launched a massive attack.

966
01:14:36,438 --> 01:14:40,646
And then he took off his jacket,
he went around, put it on the chair.

967
01:14:40,730 --> 01:14:43,646
Then he took off his watch,
he put it on the side.

968
01:14:44,813 --> 01:14:47,980
It was so nice to see
Garry getting worried.

969
01:14:50,021 --> 01:14:53,271
I won so many games
against Judit, but in this tournament,

970
01:14:53,355 --> 01:14:54,938
I just had to survive.

971
01:14:56,313 --> 01:14:58,813
Garry had to pull a rabbit out of a hat

972
01:14:58,896 --> 01:15:01,730
in order to save himself in this game.

973
01:15:05,021 --> 01:15:09,813
Kasparov sacrifices material back
in order to get to Judit's king.

974
01:15:13,730 --> 01:15:16,271
His king is so wide open,

975
01:15:16,355 --> 01:15:21,855
all he can do is to keep
giving checks to the white king.

976
01:15:30,105 --> 01:15:33,313
And here, Garry decides it's enough.

977
01:15:33,396 --> 01:15:36,021
And this amazing, crazy,

978
01:15:36,105 --> 01:15:39,480
wild attacking game
ends in perpetual check.

979
01:15:39,563 --> 01:15:41,646
Judit forces a draw.

980
01:15:50,021 --> 01:15:51,271
In Linares,

981
01:15:51,355 --> 01:15:55,521
Judit was the only one
not to lose against Kasparov.

982
01:15:57,521 --> 01:16:00,980
She was the only one in the field
held her own against

983
01:16:01,063 --> 01:16:02,896
the number one in the world.

984
01:16:04,563 --> 01:16:06,438
At the end of the tournament,

985
01:16:06,521 --> 01:16:11,146
we were talking, and it was clear
that he had respected my play,

986
01:16:11,230 --> 01:16:14,855
even though he is… he was
the greatest at the time, for sure.

987
01:16:17,813 --> 01:16:20,855
Now, clearly, she was one of us.

988
01:16:20,938 --> 01:16:22,896
She was a top player.

989
01:16:25,521 --> 01:16:29,355
It was a fantastic feeling
to play that game in Linares.

990
01:16:29,938 --> 01:16:33,563
It was an incredible fight.
I gave him a hard time.

991
01:16:33,646 --> 01:16:37,938
But… somehow, I still couldn't beat him.

992
01:16:38,980 --> 01:16:40,896
Something was still missing.

993
01:16:44,480 --> 01:16:47,896
I think the only way to beat someone
like Garry Kasparov

994
01:16:47,980 --> 01:16:49,688
is if you manage to believe

995
01:16:50,521 --> 01:16:55,480
that you can take down your idol
at his own game.

996
01:16:57,271 --> 01:17:00,688
If you don't believe
that you are on the same level as him,

997
01:17:00,771 --> 01:17:03,146
you have no chance at winning the game.

998
01:17:08,605 --> 01:17:11,313
Here we are at the training camp,

999
01:17:11,396 --> 01:17:13,355
with the Adriatic in the background.

1000
01:17:16,313 --> 01:17:18,188
How is the Adriatic?

1001
01:17:18,271 --> 01:17:21,563
Beautiful to look at
because I'd love to jump in.

1002
01:17:23,188 --> 01:17:28,521
Next year, in 2002,
I saw Kasparov at a tournament.

1003
01:17:29,146 --> 01:17:35,105
He asked me, maybe do I want to visit him
for a training session in Croatia.

1004
01:17:37,355 --> 01:17:40,646
Many players,
they had some kind of… collisions.

1005
01:17:40,730 --> 01:17:45,688
So, with Judit,
it was always just… respectful.

1006
01:17:45,771 --> 01:17:49,646
And… and that's why I suggested
that we would work together.

1007
01:17:50,646 --> 01:17:54,730
She was one of the top players.
She could offer some new perspectives.

1008
01:17:56,313 --> 01:17:57,688
Judit.

1009
01:17:57,771 --> 01:18:01,855
Of course, I was extremely happy
for the invitation.

1010
01:18:01,938 --> 01:18:05,271
I went with my husband to their villa.

1011
01:18:05,355 --> 01:18:08,063
And it was a wonderful week.

1012
01:18:09,313 --> 01:18:14,271
It was a great experience.
Kasparov was in amazing form.

1013
01:18:15,771 --> 01:18:20,230
I learned a lot, the way he was
approaching a chess position.

1014
01:18:20,313 --> 01:18:24,521
What kind of ideas
he's considering seriously,

1015
01:18:24,605 --> 01:18:28,646
or some of the moves
which I would consider to analyze,

1016
01:18:28,730 --> 01:18:30,688
he just ignores
because it's not important.

1017
01:18:30,771 --> 01:18:31,813
It's irrelevant.

1018
01:18:33,230 --> 01:18:37,730
Also, I was surprised
that Kasparov was not working all day.

1019
01:18:37,813 --> 01:18:40,688
We had an afternoon session of chess.

1020
01:18:40,771 --> 01:18:42,980
And in the morning,
we were doing other things.

1021
01:18:43,063 --> 01:18:47,021
For example, we were going to the sea
to have banana boat.

1022
01:18:50,396 --> 01:18:51,521
It was like a rule.

1023
01:18:51,605 --> 01:18:55,521
So, everybody who joined me there
had to do the banana ride.

1024
01:19:02,980 --> 01:19:05,188
I won that competition

1025
01:19:05,271 --> 01:19:08,771
because I was the only one
who did not fall into the water.

1026
01:19:15,396 --> 01:19:18,896
Many times, it happens that
when you have the distance,

1027
01:19:18,980 --> 01:19:21,105
you think something of the champion.

1028
01:19:23,271 --> 01:19:24,605
About his character.

1029
01:19:26,438 --> 01:19:31,021
And when you get into an environment
which is very loose, very friendly,

1030
01:19:31,105 --> 01:19:34,855
and you spend every day
from morning to evening around him,

1031
01:19:34,938 --> 01:19:37,771
it… it gets
a completely different picture.

1032
01:19:38,271 --> 01:19:41,146
We saw more of the human side.

1033
01:19:42,771 --> 01:19:44,855
The kind of feeling

1034
01:19:44,938 --> 01:19:49,063
that there is a god sitting
on the other side is gone.

1035
01:19:51,188 --> 01:19:53,146
A flesh-and-blood person
was in front of her.

1036
01:20:18,896 --> 01:20:22,688
At this point,
they had played each other 14 times.

1037
01:20:22,771 --> 01:20:26,480
Garry Kasparov hadn't lost a single game.

1038
01:20:26,563 --> 01:20:28,855
Playing against Garry Kasparov was rough.

1039
01:20:28,938 --> 01:20:31,688
I mean, it's like playing against
Federer in his prime.

1040
01:20:31,771 --> 01:20:33,730
Everybody lost to Garry.

1041
01:20:33,813 --> 01:20:35,396
Garry Kasparov.

1042
01:20:35,480 --> 01:20:38,813
I was probably the only player
who never suffered a defeat against her.

1043
01:20:40,396 --> 01:20:43,438
She beat Kramnik,
Anand, every other player.

1044
01:20:43,521 --> 01:20:47,813
So, I was the only one who just kept,
you know, just my… my fortress intact.

1045
01:20:52,563 --> 01:20:55,271
Silence, please.
I'd like to start the round.

1046
01:20:55,355 --> 01:20:57,730
Please, arbiters, start the clocks.

1047
01:21:01,396 --> 01:21:04,146
The next time we met over the board,

1048
01:21:04,230 --> 01:21:06,480
I was playing with the white pieces.

1049
01:21:08,105 --> 01:21:12,813
I played my first move,
1. e4, front of the king, two ahead.

1050
01:21:14,063 --> 01:21:16,396
This was not a surprise to Kasparov

1051
01:21:16,480 --> 01:21:20,146
because this is what I've been playing
from a very young age.

1052
01:21:23,813 --> 01:21:27,855
And then the way he reacted,
it was a shock.

1053
01:21:29,605 --> 01:21:33,105
Garry surprised everyone
by playing pawn to e5.

1054
01:21:36,563 --> 01:21:38,688
Just about every game
they played was Sicilians.

1055
01:21:38,771 --> 01:21:40,480
Those games are normally crazy.

1056
01:21:40,563 --> 01:21:43,396
But here, Garry decided
to play the Berlin Defense.

1057
01:21:45,271 --> 01:21:47,646
We all had our strengths and weaknesses.

1058
01:21:47,730 --> 01:21:49,355
Judit is a very aggressive player.

1059
01:21:50,105 --> 01:21:53,146
And the choice of the opening
was more defensive.

1060
01:21:53,230 --> 01:21:56,646
Garry Kasparov
was forcing a different kind of game,

1061
01:21:56,730 --> 01:21:58,813
a slower, more nuanced match.

1062
01:22:00,646 --> 01:22:03,855
It was absolutely not in my style.

1063
01:22:11,688 --> 01:22:14,146
What happens with this opening?

1064
01:22:14,230 --> 01:22:18,938
The queens get off from the board
at the very early stage of the game.

1065
01:22:22,063 --> 01:22:26,105
In one hand, I cannot attack,
but he cannot attack either.

1066
01:22:31,021 --> 01:22:34,313
Garry pushes a pawn
on the kingside. So does Judit.

1067
01:22:34,896 --> 01:22:37,396
It was not aggressive.

1068
01:22:37,480 --> 01:22:38,730
It was very strategic.

1069
01:22:43,105 --> 01:22:45,688
I started to build up my position.

1070
01:22:46,313 --> 01:22:48,605
And I made my move with the knight.

1071
01:22:49,230 --> 01:22:52,480
It makes Kasparov
go a little bit defensive.

1072
01:22:54,105 --> 01:22:56,605
Judit starts
to turn the screws a little bit,

1073
01:22:56,688 --> 01:22:59,813
getting a little bit of extra pressure
in the middle of the board.

1074
01:23:04,313 --> 01:23:08,730
I saw Kasparov realizing
that there can be a big problem.

1075
01:23:10,396 --> 01:23:12,688
Garry wanted to fight her in an endgame.

1076
01:23:12,771 --> 01:23:17,438
But it starts to get
a bit uncomfortable for black.

1077
01:23:18,355 --> 01:23:22,021
From move to move, I was putting
more and more pressure on him.

1078
01:23:27,021 --> 01:23:31,188
I felt that I have simply
such a beautiful position.

1079
01:23:31,271 --> 01:23:33,105
I mean, I should be winning this.

1080
01:23:33,188 --> 01:23:34,563
How is it possible?

1081
01:23:38,396 --> 01:23:40,980
But of course,
when you have a great advantage,

1082
01:23:41,646 --> 01:23:44,980
and you play such an essential game,

1083
01:23:45,771 --> 01:23:47,855
you start to be a little bit nervous.

1084
01:23:54,521 --> 01:23:56,646
Since I was very young,

1085
01:23:56,730 --> 01:23:59,230
I was dreaming to win against him.

1086
01:24:02,105 --> 01:24:03,396
But I never did it.

1087
01:24:10,105 --> 01:24:14,021
And I was sitting there
and sitting there, and I told myself,

1088
01:24:14,105 --> 01:24:16,063
"You don't go for the draw."

1089
01:24:16,146 --> 01:24:18,521
"You go all the way until the very end."

1090
01:24:25,313 --> 01:24:29,480
I was taking
more and more space away from him.

1091
01:24:32,938 --> 01:24:35,688
And then I made a rook move
into the center line,

1092
01:24:35,771 --> 01:24:38,771
and his king started to get in trouble.

1093
01:24:38,855 --> 01:24:42,980
Those rooks, powerfully placed,
just start gobbling pawns.

1094
01:24:44,355 --> 01:24:47,646
I was continuously working
on my endgame knowledge.

1095
01:24:48,563 --> 01:24:52,063
Some patterns actually coming
from my childhood,

1096
01:24:52,146 --> 01:24:54,938
what I was learning when I was 8 or 9.

1097
01:24:56,605 --> 01:25:01,480
I felt that there is less and less
saving opportunity for him.

1098
01:25:02,896 --> 01:25:05,605
This is one of the greatest
chess players in history,

1099
01:25:05,688 --> 01:25:07,980
if not the greatest chess player.

1100
01:25:08,063 --> 01:25:11,480
You would think that he would figure out
a way to wriggle out of this one.

1101
01:25:11,563 --> 01:25:13,563
But Judit showed master class.

1102
01:25:15,563 --> 01:25:17,521
It became kind of quiet.

1103
01:25:19,813 --> 01:25:23,646
Suddenly, I realized
that within one or two moves,

1104
01:25:23,730 --> 01:25:27,271
there will be no way
that Kasparov will be fighting on,

1105
01:25:27,355 --> 01:25:28,855
because it's hopeless.

1106
01:25:35,563 --> 01:25:37,438
And then the moment came.

1107
01:25:41,855 --> 01:25:43,396
He gave his hand.

1108
01:25:49,396 --> 01:25:52,146
Judit Polgár, the great attacking genius,

1109
01:25:52,230 --> 01:25:57,730
ends up finally defeating Kasparov
in a nuanced, subtle endgame.

1110
01:26:01,146 --> 01:26:05,980
This is the one and only moment
in history when a female player beats

1111
01:26:06,063 --> 01:26:09,688
the strongest,
the greatest player of all time.

1112
01:26:10,688 --> 01:26:13,355
And not only does she beat him,
but she crushes him.

1113
01:26:13,438 --> 01:26:15,355
She doesn't give him a single chance.

1114
01:26:17,438 --> 01:26:20,605
At that point,
the 12-year-old girl with the ponytail

1115
01:26:20,688 --> 01:26:21,730
was long forgotten.

1116
01:26:21,813 --> 01:26:24,730
I mean, it was just
one of the best players in the world.

1117
01:26:26,521 --> 01:26:28,313
I cannot stress enough

1118
01:26:28,396 --> 01:26:32,605
how important this moment was to us women.

1119
01:26:32,688 --> 01:26:35,771
Because we thought,
"Okay, hang on a second. We can do that."

1120
01:26:37,438 --> 01:26:42,063
As a young girl,
this was such a huge inspiration to me.

1121
01:26:42,771 --> 01:26:46,105
It proved that impossible is possible.

1122
01:26:53,396 --> 01:26:58,188
Obviously, it was not
my ideal game scenario.

1123
01:26:58,271 --> 01:26:59,688
She just…

1124
01:26:59,771 --> 01:27:03,188
She just delivered,
and that's how I lost the game.

1125
01:27:10,188 --> 01:27:14,188
Here is the hero
of the day, the Kasparov slayer.

1126
01:27:14,271 --> 01:27:17,313
So what is your professional opinion?
Were you satisfied?

1127
01:27:17,396 --> 01:27:20,730
-Yes.
-Yes, but go on!

1128
01:27:20,813 --> 01:27:22,938
-No comment.
-Don't be silly!

1129
01:27:23,021 --> 01:27:25,063
I've never heard such a thing before.

1130
01:27:25,146 --> 01:27:27,813
I was dreaming
for a long time that one day,

1131
01:27:27,896 --> 01:27:30,188
I will win against Garry Kasparov.

1132
01:27:30,271 --> 01:27:32,063
It was like a great satisfaction.

1133
01:27:35,188 --> 01:27:36,896
Well, Judit beat Kasparov.

1134
01:27:38,980 --> 01:27:41,771
My sisters and family was not there,

1135
01:27:41,855 --> 01:27:45,396
but immediately I called them
to share this moment.

1136
01:27:47,938 --> 01:27:49,896
It was such a joy.

1137
01:27:50,396 --> 01:27:55,438
It's something we waited for
our whole lives, and she managed to do it.

1138
01:27:56,896 --> 01:28:01,480
What I dreamt when I was 4,
I accomplished a good part of it,

1139
01:28:01,563 --> 01:28:03,396
but she took it to the next level.

1140
01:28:04,021 --> 01:28:06,438
I was very, very proud of her.

1141
01:28:07,438 --> 01:28:09,105
My father was extremely happy.

1142
01:28:09,188 --> 01:28:12,480
I think he was jumping
up and down from happiness.

1143
01:28:13,896 --> 01:28:16,521
It was a fabulous achievement for her,

1144
01:28:16,605 --> 01:28:20,980
and that's why I felt that

1145
01:28:21,063 --> 01:28:24,021
our experiment worked.

1146
01:28:24,105 --> 01:28:28,855
But you can only say that Judit was
one of the best players in the world.

1147
01:28:30,521 --> 01:28:34,146
To be the number one
among the world's top players,

1148
01:28:34,230 --> 01:28:38,396
she would have had to work
three or four hours a day more.

1149
01:28:39,980 --> 01:28:43,813
I am just glad to see Judit happy.

1150
01:28:47,146 --> 01:28:51,521
That moment,
it finally gave me the feeling that

1151
01:28:52,188 --> 01:28:54,480
in one game, in an event…

1152
01:28:56,896 --> 01:28:58,563
I can beat anybody.

1153
01:29:02,771 --> 01:29:06,730
Who took the bomp?

1154
01:29:20,063 --> 01:29:23,771
Judit was the greatest
female chess player in history.

1155
01:29:23,855 --> 01:29:25,521
There's no doubt about that.

1156
01:29:26,063 --> 01:29:27,646
She transformed chess.

1157
01:29:27,730 --> 01:29:30,188
Every day and night…

1158
01:29:30,271 --> 01:29:34,313
She's also a phenomenon
in that sense that she was a guinea pig

1159
01:29:34,396 --> 01:29:36,688
of her father and mother's ideas.

1160
01:29:38,355 --> 01:29:44,355
And I think the fact that she achieved
all these things that he dreamt of,

1161
01:29:44,438 --> 01:29:48,563
and that she still remained
a very normal and pleasant person,

1162
01:29:48,646 --> 01:29:50,813
that's some sort of a miracle.

1163
01:29:53,188 --> 01:29:58,813
Without any flattery, we could say
that she did something revolutionary.

1164
01:29:58,896 --> 01:30:03,355
She proved that a female player
could be a top competitor.

1165
01:30:06,730 --> 01:30:08,980
That was something that many of us,

1166
01:30:09,063 --> 01:30:12,355
frankly speaking, myself included,
would not think was possible.

1167
01:30:12,438 --> 01:30:15,521
Who took the bomp
From the bompalompalomp?

1168
01:30:15,605 --> 01:30:18,563
Who took the ram
From the ramalamading-dong?

1169
01:30:25,480 --> 01:30:27,396
Looking back all these years,

1170
01:30:27,480 --> 01:30:30,230
and being the subject of that experiment,

1171
01:30:30,313 --> 01:30:32,438
how do you feel about it?

1172
01:30:54,605 --> 01:30:56,396
Of course, in one hand,

1173
01:30:56,480 --> 01:31:01,480
it is not a nice way
of being part of an experiment.

1174
01:31:04,230 --> 01:31:07,021
I never felt myself being a genius.

1175
01:31:07,730 --> 01:31:10,313
I know that the things I could reach,

1176
01:31:10,396 --> 01:31:15,730
that was definitely, like,
95% of my work and dedication.

1177
01:31:16,355 --> 01:31:18,271
And this came from my parents.

1178
01:31:22,855 --> 01:31:27,813
My father, of course, was the one
who showed me the beauty of chess.

1179
01:31:28,980 --> 01:31:31,063
But also, what I could do.

1180
01:31:31,730 --> 01:31:33,688
That I could be great.

1181
01:31:36,021 --> 01:31:38,271
People have to believe in you.

1182
01:31:38,355 --> 01:31:40,480
And you have to believe in yourself.

1183
01:31:42,646 --> 01:31:45,813
I think the most important thing
is that from today,

1184
01:31:45,896 --> 01:31:48,646
you have to be better than yesterday.

1185
01:31:50,396 --> 01:31:52,396
And tomorrow, you try to get better.

1186
01:31:54,605 --> 01:31:56,063
Never give up.

1187
01:31:58,313 --> 01:32:00,646
And always fight until the very end.